About Braille
In 1824, 15-year-old Louis Braille adapted a 12-dot cell system developed by a French captain in Napoleon’s army. Invented to allow soldiers to compose and read messages at night without illumination, the basic technique was the first raised-dot reading and writing system.
Louis Braille devised a six-dot cell with the dots arranged in two columns of three. The dots are numbered 1 through 6.

The first 10 cells stand for a–j. With the number sign (it looks like a backwards L) before them, these same cells represent the numerals 1–0.
The second row adds dot 3 to make the letters k–t.
The third row adds dots 3 and 6 to make the uvxyz. As there is no w in the French alphabet, it was added later.
The capital sign, dot 6, is placed before a letter to capitalize it.

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